Cause of migraine is not known clearly, but this can lead to a primary vascular disorder that usually occurs in women, and many have a strong tendency in the family. Migraines are also caused by the occurrence of a combination of vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and the release of a chemical substance from nerve fibers that surrounds the blood vessels. When a migraine attack, the temporal artery (the artery that runs around the temple) will be widened. The widening will cause stretching of the nerve fibers around arteries thus stimulating these nerve fibers to release chemicals. This substance will cause inflammation, pain and migraine incredible.
Various factors that can trigger a migraine attack is determined by the presence of hereditary biological defects in the central nervous system. Among others:
1. Hormonal
Hormonal fluctuations are the trigger factor. the presence of glucose increased only 14% of women had an attack during menstruation. Reduced migraine attacks during pregnancy because estrogen levels are relatively high and constant, contrary porspartum first week, 14% of patients experienced severe attack due to lower levels of extradition. Use of the contraceptive pill also causes the frequency of migraine attacks.
2. Menopause
Migraine generally will increase the frequency and severity at the time of menopause. However, some cases improved after menopause. Hormonal therapy with low-dose estrogen can be given to treat migraine attacks after menopause.
3. Food
Variety of foods / substances can trigger a migraine attack. Common migraine triggers are alcohol based vasodilatory effect, where wine and beer are strong triggers. Foods containing tyramine, an amino acid derived from thyroxine.
4. Monosodium Glutamate
Is the most common migraine triggers, namely: headache accompanied by anxiety, dizziness, parastesia and hands, as well as abdominal pain and chest pain.
5. Environment
Environmental changes in the body which include hormonal fluctuations in the menstrual cycle and hormonal changes can lead to getting out of bed acute migraine attacks. Changes in the external environment include the weather, season, air pressure, altitude, and late meals.
6. Sensory stimuli
Flashing light, glare, bright sunlight, or the smell of perfumes, cleaning chemicals, cigarettes, sura noise and extreme temperatures.
